Toyota Land Cruiser 100 / Amazon, Lexus LX 470

Since 1997 of release

Repair and car operation


Tojota Lend Kruzer, Amazon, Leksus LX470
+ Identification numbers of the car
+ Controls and receptions of safe operation of the car
+ Options and car routine maintenance
+ The engine
+ Systems of cooling of the engine, salon and air conditioning heating
+ The power supply system and release of the fulfilled gases
+ Engine electric equipment
- Control systems of the engine and decrease in toxicity of the fulfilled gases
   Specifications
   System of onboard diagnostics (OBD) - a principle of functioning and codes of malfunctions
   Application of an oscillograph for supervision of working signals of a control system
   Check of a condition and replacement ЕСМ
   Information gauges - the general information and check of serviceability of functioning
   Replacement of information gauges
   System of catching of fuel evaporations (EVAP) - the general information, check of a condition and replacement of components
   System of operated ventilation картера (PCV)
   The Katalitichesky converter - the general information, check of a condition and replacement
+ Gear change box
+ Transmissionnaja line
+ Brake system
+ Suspension bracket and steering
+ Body
+ Onboard electric equipment





Information gauges – the general information and check of serviceability of functioning

In order to avoid failure ЕСМ at performance described below checks use only the digital voltmeter with high (from above 10 МОм) an impedance!


The car equipped with system OBD-II should be driven away on a car repair shop for reading of codes of malfunctions from application of the special scanner. There are some checks (the causes of failures connected with revealing at engine start) which the owner of a vehicle can execute independently, in all other cases the car should be driven away in car-care centre.

2-contact термисторы (gauges of temperature of the cooling liquid, soaked up air, etc.)

Термисторы represent the resistors changing resistance depending on temperature, and developing corresponding alarm pressure. To of this kind to elements gauges of temperature of a cooling liquid of the engine concern (EATS) also temperatures of soaked up air (IAT). It is necessary to notice that resistance of the given gauges changes in inverse proportion to temperature change, i.e., DECREASES with INCREASE of last, and on the contrary. For check термисторных gauges switch a multimeter to resistance measurement, disconnect from the gauge electroconducting and measure resistance between assemblage plugs. Take temperature. Then warm up the gauge to certain temperature and again measure its resistance. Compare the received results to the ordered. Gauge ECT site is shown on an illustration more low. Gauge IAT is built in gauge MAF. For gauge IAT resistance between plugs E2 and ТНА gauge MAF is measured.

The schedule of dependence of resistance of gauges ECT and IAT from temperature

Components of installation of gauge ECT

Further it is necessary to check up correctness of the basic pressure which are given out on the gauge by the processor. Connect to the gauge electroconducting, switch a multimeter to measurement of pressure and connect it щупы to plugs of a plait of electroconducting on a socket. The rating value of basic pressure should make about 5.0 V.Proverka is made at the included ignition, the engine do not start. If infringement of serviceability of giving on the gauge of basic pressure takes place, it is necessary to check up a condition of connecting electroconducting and actually ЕСМ.

Potentiometers (the gauge of position throttle заслонки)

The potentiometer represents the resistor which resistance changes as a result of mechanical moving of some components. Gauge TPS develops the alarm pressure proportional to current size of resistance of a potentiometer, defined by position throttle заслонки in the throttle case. The signal from the gauge arrives on ЕСМ which on the basis of the analysis of the arriving data defines position and a movement direction заслонки. For check of serviceability of functioning of gauge TPS character of change of size of resistance of a potentiometer depending on degree of opening throttle заслонки is quantitatively estimated. The given contour is defined as VTA – E2.

 PERFORMANCE ORDER

1. Disconnect from TPS electroconducting. On models of a corresponding complete set disconnect a vacuum line and by means of the manual vacuum pump create depression on the device of positioning throttle заслонки. By means of an ohmmeter measure resistance between plugs VTA and E2 gauge TPS (address to an accompanying illustration). At completely closed заслонке resistance should be in limits from 0.2 to 5.7 clod, and at completely opened – the ohmmeter should show infinity.
2. Further it is necessary to check up correctness of the basic pressure which are given out on the gauge by the processor. Connect to the gauge electroconducting, switch a multimeter to measurement of pressure and connect it щупы to corresponding plugs of a plait of electroconducting on a socket. Pressure on conclusions of the gauge with opening throttle заслонки should increase: at completely closed заслонке it to be within 0.7 In, and at completely opened – 2.7 – 5.2 V.Esli take place infringement of serviceability of giving on the gauge of basic pressure, it is necessary to check up a condition of connecting electroconducting and actually ЕСМ.

2-contact electromagnetic gauges (gauges of position of cranked both distributive shaft and the gauge of speed of movement of the car)

In a basis of a design of electromagnetic gauges the constant magnet placed in a wire winding is put. Typical representatives of electromagnetic gauges are gauges of position of cranked and distributive shaft (СКР and СМР), and also the gauge of speed of movement of the car (VSS). The steel disk fixed on a gear wheel is equipped by the uvulas passing between the polar terminations of a magnet and causing short circuit of a magnetic field. Magnetic field fluctuations lead to change of alarm pressure of the gauge. On the basis of the analysis of signals ЕСМ arriving from gauges defines speed of movement of the car (VSS), or current position of a corresponding shaft (СКР and СМР). Gauge CKP develops for ECU signal G. An arrangement and schemes of check of gauges are shown on illustrations more low.

Components of installation and gauge CMP check

Gauge CKP check

Gauge CKP site

Gauge VSS site


 PERFORMANCE ORDER

For check of gauges CKP and CMP measure resistance between plugs of their sockets. On the cold engine (temperature more low 53 hailstones.) on gauge CMP resistance should be 835 – 1400 Ohm, and on gauge CKP: 1630 – 1740 Ohm. On the heated-up engine (temperature 53 – 100 hailstones.) on gauge CMP resistance should be 1060 – 1645 Ohm, and on gauge CKP – 2065 – 3225 Ohm. In case of VSS it is necessary to result transmission preliminary in neutral position, then, keeping one wheel it is motionless, manually to rotate opposite (take advantage of the help of the assistant), it is necessary сымитировать speed of movement about 3.5 km/h, observe of measuring instrument indications. The given check can be made and on the gauge removed from the car, – it is necessary to rotate приводную an assemblage gear wheel.

On some models it is used VSS without приводной gear wheels, such gauges should be checked in situ (without removal from the car). At gauge SKR check the help of the assistant which should turn the engine a starter short jerks also is required, watch indications of the voltmeter which should register the weak uniform fluctuations confirming serviceability of a condition and functioning of a magnetic part of the gauge.

Ljambda-probes

Gauges About 2, or ljambda-probes trace percentage of oxygen in the fulfilled gases of the engine. Present at system of release of a molecule About 2, entering reaction with a sensitive element of the gauge, force last to develop alarm pressure. The amplitude of a signal, depending on concentration of oxygen can make from 0.1 In (the high maintenance About 2, the impoverished air-fuel mix) to 0.9 In (the low maintenance About 2, the enriched mix). ЕСМ continuously traces a signal arriving from a ljambda-probe, and on the basis of the arriving data makes corresponding updating of structure air-fuel, trying to support it on an optimum level (14.7 parts of air on 1 part of fuel, – стехиометрическое number). Updating of structure of a mix is made at the expense of management of duration of time of opening of injectors. The ljambda-probe starts to develop alarm pressure only after will be heated-up to the normal working temperature making approximately 320°С. In a kind told, in the course of engine ESM warming up works in a mode of the opened contour. Do not forget to check serviceability of a condition of all ljambda-probes a part of system.

 PERFORMANCE ORDER

Access to ljambda-probes is usually complicated. Be careful, remember that components of system of release can remain hot during even long time after a stop of the engine and pressing to their surface of plaits of electroconducting can lead to destruction of their isolation. Try to make, whenever possible, check of components of system with application of the scanner connected to socket DLC, the device allows to reveal changes of alarm pressure of each of ljambda-probes within thousand shares of volt.

1. Check up developed by the gauge милливольтный a target signal. Find a socket of electroconducting and from its return party accurately connect щупы the voltmeter to corresponding contact plugs. On the majority of models positive щуп it is connected to the alarm plug of a socket of the gauge (SIGNAL), and negative – a grounding lemma (the Onboard electric equipment see).

Fluctuations of alarm pressure нижнепоточных ljambda-probes occurs much more slowly than at верхнепоточных that speaks result of work каталитического the converter, reformative present at structure of the fulfilled gases монооксид carbon, hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides in nontoxical carbonic gas and the water which oxygen in much smaller degree reacts with a sensitive element of the gauge.

2. At the cold engine, in a mode of the opened contour, the ljambda-probe develops a steady peak signal in a range 0.1 – 0.2 V.Po passage about two minutes the gauge leave in a working temperature mode and the amplitude of its alarm pressure starts to fluctuate in a range from 0.4 to 0.6 In, depending on the oxygen maintenance in the fulfilled gases. If the gauge leaves in operating conditions too slowly, or does not leave at all, and also at stabilisation of pressure in the middle of a working range of pressure, it is necessary to replace the gauge. If pressure on a gauge exit was stabilised near to one of limits of the specified range, possibly, ECM not in a condition to compensate mechanical malfunctions of the engine, such as подсос air or "pouring" injectors.

Do not forget that нижнепоточный the ljambda-probe works much more slowly верхнепоточного (see more low).

3. Pull together a vacuum hose which is for throttle заслонкой. Pressure should fall approximately till 0.12 In (still quickly changing). It checks ability of the gauge to distinguish mix repauperization. Attach a hose on the place.


4. Will enrich a mix, submitting to an inlet path with the help пропанового a pistol gas. Pressure should raise approximately to 0.9 In (still quickly changing). It checks ability of the gauge to distinguish mix reenrichment.
5. If target pressure of the gauge above or below the specified limits, the gauge or its conducting is faulty. Check up integrity of conducting and if it is necessary, repeat check.
6. Check up also serviceability of functioning of a chain of a heater of a ljambda-probe. Disconnect from the gauge electroconducting and connect an ohmmeter to contact plugs +В (+) and НТ (-) a socket from outside the gauge (address to an accompanying illustration). Compare result of measurements to requirements of Specifications. Remember that верхнепоточный and нижнепоточный gauges are not interchangeable. Further it is necessary to check up serviceability of giving of a food in a chain of a heater of the gauge, – disconnect electroconducting and connect the voltmeter to a socket from outside a plait: at the included ignition (the engine do not start) on socket plugs pressure of the battery should take place. In case of need check up a chain condition on a site between the gauge and a safety lock / the main relay. The faulty gauge replace (schemes of electric connections in the end the Onboard electric equipment) see.

The gauge of measurement of weight of an air stream

The gauge serves for measurement of the expense of a throttle of air soaked up in the case. ЕСМ uses the information arriving from the gauge for updating of duration of time of opening of injectors, – the more air it is soaked up in the engine (acceleration), the in большем quantity of fuel last requires. On considered models gauges of an air stream of vortical type with a sensitive element on the basis of a thread накаливания are used. The device allows to define the weight expense of a stream and has received the name of the gauge of weight of air (MAF). On the basis of information ЕСМ arriving from the gauge makes timely updating of structure of an air-fuel mix.

On models considered in the present Management gauges MAF of 5-contact type are used. For them remove an inlet air line and include ignition. Connect positive щуп the voltmeter to contact VG, and negative – to contact E3 (address to an accompanying illustration). Blow in the gauge and make sure of pressure change.

Detonation gauges

On petrol models V8 it is used two gauges of a detonation, on one on each of heads of cylinders (under the inlet pipeline).

Detonation gauges elicit the fact of increase of intensity of vibrations of the engine arising at a detonation of an air-fuel mix, and give out the corresponding information allowing ЕСМ in due time to make suppressing detonation reduction of a corner of an advancing of ignition on the management module.

 PERFORMANCE ORDER

For check of serviceability of a condition of the gauge of a detonation disconnect from it electroconducting and measure resistance between the contact plug of a socket and weight of the case of assemblage, conductivity should be absent (address to an accompanying illustration). The faulty gauge replace.

The gauge-switch of the permission of start (model with АТ)

The gauge-switch of the permission of start is established behind on a transmission dome, in its top part and serves for notice ЕСМ on the fact of finding АТ in positions «Р» and «N». The given information is used by the processor at management of functioning of system of stabilisation of turns of idling.

In order to avoid infringement of stability of turns of idling do not begin movement at the disconnected gauge-switch of the permission of start.

More detailed information by a principle of functioning of the gauge-switch of the permission of start is stated in the Head a gear change Box.

The gauge of pressure of steams of fuel

The gauge serves for tracing of pressure/depth of depression in a fuel tank. On the basis of information ЕСМ arriving from the gauge in due time elicits the fact of infringement of serviceability of a purge of a coal adsorber of system EVAP and brings in memory OBD-II a corresponding diagnostic code. On restoration of serviceability of functioning of system EVAP it is necessary to charge performance of works to experts of car-care centre.